Motivation - a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.
- Instinct Theory - we are motivated by our inborn automated behaviors. Instincts only explain why we do small fractions of our behavior.
- Drive Reduction Theory - the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need it is usually to maintain homeostasis
- we are not only pushed by our needs but pulled by our incentives: a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
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